A beginner-friendly course on surf forecasting. Each topic covers one concept with its own diagrams. Read them in order or jump to whatever the forecast is throwing at you today.

Where surf comes from
A swell is the ocean carrying the energy of a distant storm toward shore. Knowing what the swell is doing tells you whether a spot will even have waves today.

How to read the shape
Once swell reaches a sandbar, the question changes from whether there is energy to whether the wave has a makeable shoulder. Reading the peak, shoulder and closeout line helps you choose better waves.

The most underrated number
Period is the seconds between one wave crest and the next. It is the single best predictor of how much actual power the surf will have.

Shapes the wave face
Wind blowing against, with, or across the wave makes a huge visual and tactical difference. It is the variable that changes the most through the day.

The water level under the wave
Tides move the water level up and down through the day. The same spot can be perfect at one tide and unsurfable two hours later.

How the bottom shapes the wave
A wave is the swell colliding with what is under it. Sand, rock, headlands and jetties each shape that collision differently, which is why every spot has its own personality.

Pick the one that catches waves
The board you ride matters more than almost any other decision when you are learning. Bigger, wider, floatier boards catch more waves and give you a stable platform to stand on.

Stay safe, stay welcome
The lineup is everyone sharing one finite resource: the next wave. The unwritten rules exist to keep people safe and to keep the wave-sharing fair. Following them is non-negotiable.

Rips, exits and gear
The ocean is patient with prepared surfers and unforgiving with unprepared ones. A few simple habits keep you out of the worst trouble.

Surf terms in plain English
A plain-language reference for the words you will see in WaveWise, surf forecasts, spot notes and lineup conversations.
Academy combines WaveWise spot and forecast terminology with beginner-oriented surf guides.